Search Results - Neuroscience

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Allosteric Modulation of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor for Treatment of Neurological Disorders

Project ID: D2022-18 Background Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that are located in the cell membranes of neurons and mediate the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Each mAChR forms a complex with intracellular G proteins that, when activated, produce an intracellular signaling cascade....

Dual Microcatheter

Project ID: D2021-45 Background: With increasing use of embolization in minimally invasive surgical procedures, the demand for microcatheters has increased exponentially and the growth rate is at 8%. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections between arteries and veins in the brain or spine. The distinguishing feature of an AVM is...

Compounds for non-lethal micropinocytosis and exosome production

Project ID: D2017-25 Background Exosomes are vesicles in the range of 30 to 120nm, which are released from mammalian cells when multi-vesicular endosomes fuse with the plasma membrane. In recent times, exosomes have been implicated in cancer. Mounting evidence suggests that exosomes play an important role in mediating intercellular communication...

Compounds for disrupting microtubule networks and mitosis in brain cancer

Project ID: D2014-42 Background Primary brain tumors and secondary intracranial tumors from metastatic spread of other cancers (e.g., melanoma, lung carcinoma) have been inaccessible to therapy with microtubule-targeted agents (vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel) because the latter do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Invention...

Aspiration catheter with an adjustable tip for intracranial circulation

Project ID: D2021-08 Background: Acute ischemic stroke is the sudden blockage of adequate blood flow to a section of the brain, usually caused by thrombus or other emboli lodging or forming in one of the blood vessels supplying the brain. If the blockage is not quickly resolved, the ischemia may lead to permanent neurologic deficit or death. The...

Furoxans as Novel Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Project ID: D2017-15 Background Nitric oxide (NO) signaling plays a major role in brain activity and normal function of neurons. Disrupted NO signaling is implicated in several central nervous system (CNS) and neurodegenerative disorders. NO mimetic, such as nitrates, have been used against a variety of neurological disorders. This is due to the...

Cofilin inhibitor for the treatment of hemorrhagic brain injury-induced inflammation

Project ID D2019-35 Background Cofilin regulates actin filament assembly and organization in most cells, including during macrophage, T-cell, and dendritic activation and migration. Over-activation of cofilin can lead to microglia inflammation in the brain. Although Cofilin has been shown to be involved in the secondary injury of intracerebral hemorrhage...

Targeting mDia formins to halt tumor microtube formation, invasion, and proliferation in brain tumors

Project ID D2019-34 Background Tumor therapies must overcome complex obstacles, such as cellular invasion, chemoresistance, and radioresistance. Cells within a brain tumor often form specialized ultralong cellular projections called tumor microtube (TM) projections that allow them to invade new areas of the brain. The networks formed by TMs interconnect...

Novel Compounds in Treating Autophagy-Related Pathologies

Project IDs: D2015-09 and D2016-81 Background: Autophagy is a self-degradation process of cellular organelles that helps defend against metabolic stress, maintain metabolic equilibrium, arbitrate cell fate decisions, and safeguard genomic stability. Deficient autophagy has been associated with over 100 diseases, and experimental enhancement of autophagy...

Spontaneous Type I Diabetes Mouse Model

Project ID: D2015-60 Background Although the NOD mouse is the current standard for studies of type I diabetes (T1D), no curative therapies resulting from this model have passed clinical trials. Knock in/out models cannot be used to mimic the total pathophysiology of diabetes. In order to develop a cure for T1D, there is a need for an animal model...

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